Informed Consent, Refusal, and Competence Essay -- the patients’ right

In the medical field today, whe neer a procedure is going to be done on a patient of, conscious consent must be given to the doctor from the patient prior the procedure taking place. Informed consent is the approval given by the patient to the doctor for treatment. In the case being discussed today, an 80 year old patient, with a history of congestive heart failure, is in the doctors office complaining of knocker pains. After an examination, the doctor believes the best course of treatment would be to have a surgical procedure, in an attempt to save the patients life. During the examination however, the patient expresses the proclivity to just be able to die. There is no Living will or Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) on file. The patients wife is afraid of the surgery, while the daughter is for anything that could save her dads life. The first thing that needs to take place in this situation is the determination of the competency of the patient. By employ the Understand-and-A ppreciate method of determining competency, if the patient understands the situation and all the options that are available to him but also appreciates the options and understand the side effect of treatment or deprivation there of treatment , the patient is deemed confident. On the flip side, if the patients requests fall too far outside the realm of what would be considered normal, that could help in determining whether or not to override the patients wishes due to no longer being considered competent. It is the belief that it is ethically justified to overrule the in earnest irrational decision of a competent patient. (Fredrick Adolf Paola, 2010) Under the assumption that during the last five years of treating Patient X for congestive heart failure, he never men... ...rd battle to fight at times. The reasoning behind the refusal may not make sense to everyone, but as long as the patient has been deemed competent, the patients reform to choose their own medical administer bec omes number one priority. If, on the other hand, circumstances have found the patient not competent, moving before to acquire consent from the next of kin of the court appointed surrogate of care is a must to ensure the patient receives the best medical care possible and results in an improved quality care of life for the patient.Works CitedCompetency to make medical decisons. (n.d.). Retrieved 07 03, 2011, from Stanford. Edu http//www.stanford.edu/group/psylawseminar/Competency.htmFredrick Adolf Paola, R. W. (2010). medical Ethics and Humanities. Juonesd and Bartlett Publiushers. manducate notes for HLT-305. (2011, 07 03). State University .

Direct and Indirect Costs :: Economics

Direct and In propose CostsDirect cost============An organisation can apportion the costs incurred in the production ofproducts or values in either a direct or an indirect manner. Thedirect costs can be defined as being the amount materials actuallycost plus any other directly linked costs, such as labour.(for Quirk, materials, electricity, labour employee and management, forge depreciation)Production materials, machine or assembly wages===============================================1. Labour and wages the cost of obtaining, training and retaininglabour is a significantly high cost which must be allocated to for each oneunit of production. There are many legal obligations as well as socialand welfare considerations, which add to this high costs total.In modulate to work out the exact labour and wages costs to be attributedto each unit of production, an organisation must take a careful leadof the production process and allocate the appropriate expenses. If,for example, an individ ual earns 10 per hour and processes 10 unitsduring that hour, then 1 of direct costs whitethorn simply be added to eachunit. Unfortunately, things are not that simple.There are many other individual costs which an organisation must bearin the employment of individuals. These may include employersnational insurance contributions, pension payments and insurancepolicy payments. In most organisations, labour and wage costs accountfor the majority of direct costs.2. Materials the costs of materials differ according to the sectorin which an organisation operates. As organisation that operates inthe primary sector has comparatively low material costs. At the otherend of the scale, in the tertiary sector, the costs of finished goodsto a retailer for example, exit be extremely high. The principalelements that affect the costs of materials should be included in theorganisations overall budgetary controls. In addition, anorganisation must also consider the cost of materials in relation tomar ket demands, as these will inevitably cause periodic fluctuationsin material costs.Only those materials that are actually used in the production of aproduct or service should be considered part of the cost of thatproduct or service.Task 2 Page 2Other consumables used by the organisation are classed as indirectcosts and are considered under separate budgets.Indirect costs ==================(for Quirk, rent/rates, sales/ marketing/ insurance/ non-productiondepreciation management salaries)Indirect costs are costs incurred in the running of an organisationthat cannot be easily apportioned to the production process.

Creating an Interactive Web Site with CGI Essay -- HTML Web Page Creat

Creating an Interactive Web Site with CGI Introduction The Internet explosion of the 1990s has been one of the most revolutionizing business factors of the decade. The Internet includes individuals and businesses to reach each other more effectively at an increasingly lower cost. However, the most effective rule of interaction is two-way interaction. This applies whether the interaction is between two people, a person and a business or two businesses. Basic HTML entanglement pages allow for easy one way interaction. It also allows people to s contain e-mail back and forth. More effective tissue pages allow for immediate two-way interaction. These pages rump gather survey data, create shopping carts, check credit ratings or even simply have visitors sign a guest book. Interactive web sites definitely have advantages over their less advanced cousins. Common Gateway Interface (CGI) provides one of the more common formats for designing an interactive site. This paper get out address some of the concepts behind creating an interactive web site with CGI. It will proceed by considering the following points1. Background2. Creating formsBackgroundBefore explaining how CGI works, it is helpful to procure an overall perspective of how the internet itself functions in connection with the end user. Bruce Gronich of BigNoseBird.com provides a good analogy that will be used throughout this paper. He compares the end users browser to a rat searching for food. The garbage can doles out the food when the rat requests it. The garbage can is the server. So, the browser requests discipline from the server, and the server in return doles out the teaching that is requested. The server uses differe... ...ltINPUT TYPE=reset value= Clear-Form <INPUT TYPE=HIDDEN NAME=FORM_NAME take account=THE TEST FORM <INPUT TYPE=HIDDEN NAME=MAIL_TO VALUE=personto-get.mail.com</PRE</FORM ConclusionThis paper has been primarily about some of the HTML codes call for to put together an interactive web site. It has reviewed how the internet works and how to assemble a form on a browser. The paper has also addressed how the information needs to be formatted so that it can be successfully passed to a cgi script for further processing. Acknowledgements The primary source used in this paper was the web site www.bignosebird.comThe web site www.icthus.net/CGI-city/ was also helpful.Finally, the textbook Frontiers of Electronic Commerce provided some information as well.

About the Writer Willy Russell :: Willy Russell Playwright biographies Essays

About the Writer Willy RussellWilliam Russell was born in Whiston - just outside Liverpool, in 1947.At primary school he enjoyed reading, football and gardening, thesewere the only subjects he likes, but at secondary school he wasconsigned to the factory fodder D stream. It was in this surprisingenvironment that he conceived the sentiment of being a writer. His onlyexperience of factory work caused him to fail to obtain a printingapprenticeship, so his mother suggested he trained to be a womenshairdresser. He trained and worked as a womens hairdresser for fiveyears, eventually running his own salon. After this he was seeking a go that would give him a greater opportunity and understanding ofbeing a writer. He decided to become a student, having now passed Olevel side at night classes. No local education authority wouldgive him a bursary, so he spent some time girder cleaning at Fords inorder to fund his college O & A level studies. He only did this longenough so that he could afford the course he spent no time extradoing this job as climbing up on dirty, oily girders was a verydangerous job which galore(postnominal) of his colleagues were injured on.You can see in the play that Russell is commenting on society asRussell is almost like Rita, she lives near Liverpool with littleeducation and works in a hairdresser, trying to get the opportunity tohave choice by getting an education. During the play, Russell showsthat the class system is a part of modern society and Rita wants to transform classes, from working to middle, but has little education. Shewants Equal opportunities in that the way that women are expected tohave babies and stay at home all day, but in his play Rita breaks awayfrom everyone else and gets an education and he shows in the play, howhard it really is to get an education and all the troubles thatsomeone of a lower class has to go through to achieve there goals.I think that Russell wrote this play because he had a hard time in hisown life, an d he wanted to evidence to other people that you need tohave a choice or you will begin to experience a feeling of beingtrapped in society. I think that Russell used humour in his playbecause it would make the audience watching the play understand theissues brought up. I think the play runs demote as a comedy, with thehumour aspects of the play rather than a more serious drama.

Against Abortion :: The Right to Life, Pro-Life Essays

Abortion to me is murder. It doesnt matter on the circumstances at all. The only time that I believe that abortions are necessary is when the mothers life is in a medical danger because of it. I know that a lot of people think that its o.k. to have an abortion if the mother was raped. I dont believe that. I believe that if a girl gets raped, she did something to put herself in that position. Now, Im non saying that it is her fault completely. I can definitely relate to this. I did something to put myself in that kind of danger. I have my accountability. My accountability is I chose to do drugs and dress provocatively because I wanted to get guys attention. Another circumstance that really bugs me is, The pregnancy wasnt intended. Well, to me I would say thats what happens when you have sex before sum. I believe that women should wait until marriage to have sexual intercourse. People know what the possibilities are with sex and what prices may have to be paid. I understand that ho rmones may be going equal crazy but people still need to learn how to control this. Lets say this as an example One day when youre married and your spouse isnt round you get that urge. You end up cheating on your wife or husband and they want an explanation on why. What are you going to tell them, Oh condemnable honey my hormones were going like crazy I couldnt control myself? I highly doubt that. Heres another one. I didnt feel like I was ready to be a mom yet?. Then why in the heck are you having sex? Sex has a lot of different consequences to pay. Girls that do get enceinte need to take responsibilities for their own actions. The reason why I do have energy on this is because I am adopted. My biological mom did not intend on having her second child at the age of 19.

Against Abortion :: The Right to Life, Pro-Life Essays

Abortion to me is murder. It doesnt matter on the thoughtfulnesss at all. The only time that I believe that abortions are necessary is when the mothers behavior is in a medical danger because of it. I retire that a lot of people think that its okay to have an abortion if the mother was raped. I dont believe that. I believe that if a girl gets raped, she did something to put herself in that position. Now, Im not saying that it is her fault completely. I can definitely relate to this. I did something to put myself in that kind of danger. I have my accountability. My accountability is I chose to do drugs and dress provocatively because I wanted to get guys attention. Another circumstance that really bugs me is, The pregnancy wasnt intended. Well, to me I would say thats what happens when you have sex before marriage. I believe that women should wait until marriage to have sexual intercourse. People know what the possibilities are with sex and what prices may have to be paid. I under stand that hormones may be going like harebrained but people belt up need to learn how to control this. Lets say this as an example One day when youre married and your spouse isnt around you get that urge. You end up victimise on your wife or husband and they want an explanation on why. What are you going to tell them, Oh sorry honey my hormones were going like crazy I couldnt control myself? I highly doubt that. Heres another one. I didnt feel like I was ready to be a mom yet?. because why in the heck are you having sex? Sex has a lot of different consequences to pay. Girls that do get pregnant need to take responsibilities for their own actions. The sympathy why I do have energy on this is because I am adopted. My biological mom did not intend on having her second shaver at the age of 19.

A Case Sajjan Singh V State of Rajasthan

- Top of Form MANU/SC/8083/2008Equivalent CitationAIR2009SC84, JT2008(11)SC150, 2008(4)KLT306(SC), (2009)3MLJ929(SC), (2008)41OCR708, 2008(13)SCALE76, (2008)13SCC518IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIAWrit Petition (C) No. 369 of 2008Decided On29. 09. 2008AppellantsBaby Manji Yamada Vs. RespondentUnion of India (UOI) and Anr. Honble Judges Dr. Arijit PasayatandMukundakam Sharma, JJ. athletic fieldCivilCatch WordsMentioned INActs/Rules/Orders committal for Protection of nestling Rights Act, 2005 Section 13Constitution of India Article 32Case Note Constitution Rights of tike Article 32 of the Constitution of India, 1950 (Constitution) complaints for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 (CPCRA) Petition filed u/a 32, Constitution against steerings of High Court by grandmother of appellant Held, constitution of National and state commissions for protection of nipper rights and tiddlerren courts for providing bustling justice in offences against children and related fields provided downstairs CPCRA No complaint made by anybody relating to child Direction given to any aggrieved person to approach care constituted under CPCRA Writ petition disposed ofRatio Decidendi Commission constituted under CPCRA has right to expect into complaints or take action suo motu notice relating to misdemeanor of child rights and development of children and provide relief in such matters with appropriate authorities. JUDGMENTArijit Pasayat, J. 1.This petition under Article32of the Constitution of India, 1950 (hereinafter for short the Constitution) raises some burning(prenominal) questions. 2. Essentially challenge is to certain directions given by a Division Bench of the Rajasthan High Court relating to production/ detainment of a child Manji Yamada. Emiko Yamada, claiming to be grandmother of the child, has filed this petition. The Writ Petition before the Rajasthan High Court was filed by M/s. SATYA, declared to be an NG0, the opposite party No. 3 in this petition. The D. B . Habeas Corpus Writ Petition No. 7829 of 2008 was filed by M/s. SATYA wherein the Union of India through Ministry of Home Affairs, State ofRajasthan through the Principal Secretary, The Director habitual of Police, disposal of Rajasthan and the Superintendent of Police Jaipur City (East), Jaipur were made the parties. There is no dispute ab break Baby Manji Yamada having been given birth by a surrogate mother. It is stated that the biological parents Dr. Yuki Yamada and Dr. Ikufumi Yamada came to India in 2007 and had chosen a surrogate mother in Anand, Gujarat and a surrogacy agreement was entered into between the biological father and biological mother on one side and the surrogate mother on the other side. It appears from some of the statements made that there were matrimonial discords between the biological parents. The child was born on 25th July, 2008.On 3rd August, 2008 the child was moved to Arya Hospital in Jaipur following a law and order situation in Gujarat and she wa s being provided with much needed care including being breastfed by a woman. It is stated by the suppliant that the genetic father Dr. Ifukumi Yamada had to return to Japan due to expiration of his visa. It is likewise stated that the Municipality at Anand has issued a Birth Certificate indicating the name of the genetic father. 3. Stand of respondent No. 3 was that there is no law disposal surrogation in India and in the name of surrogation lot of irregularities are being committed. According to it, in the name of surrogacy a money making racket is being perpetuated.It is alike the stand of the said respondent that the Union of India should enforce stringent laws relating to surrogacy. The apply petitioner has questioned the locus standi of respondent No. 3 to file a habeas star petition. It is pointed out that though custody of the child was being asked for hardly there was not even an indication as to in whose alleged illegal custody the child was. It is stated that thoug h the petition before the High Court was styled as a Public Interest Litigation there was no broker of public interest mired. Learned Counsel for respondent No. 3 with reference to the counter- affidavit filed in this Court had highlighted certain aspects relating to surrogacy.The learned Solicitor General has taken exception to certain statements made in the said counter affidavit and has submitted that the petition before the High Court was not in strong faith and was certainly not in public interest. 4. We need not go into the locus standi of respondent No. 3 and/or whether bonafides are involved or not. It is to be noted that the Commissions For Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 (hereinafter for short the Act) has been enacted for the constitution of a National Commission and State Commissions for protection of child rights and childrens courts for providing speedy footrace of offences against children or of encroachment of child rights and for matters connected therewit h or incidental thereto. Section13which appears in Chapter III of the Act is of considerable importance. The same reads as follows13. Functions of Commission. 1) The Commission shall perform all or any of the following functions, namely(a) examine and review the safeguards provided by or under any law for the cartridge holder being in force for the protection of child rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation(b) present to the Central Government, annually and at such other intervals, as the Commission whitethorn deem fit, reports upon the working of those safeguards(c) inquire into violation of child rights and recommend initiation of proceedings in such cases(d) examine all factors that restrict the enjoyment of rights of children affected by terrorism, communal violence, riots, natural disaster, domestic violence, HIV/AIDS, trafficking, maltreatment, torture and exploitation, pornography and prostitution and recommend appropriate remedial measures. e) look into the matters relating to children in need of special care and protection including children in distress, marginalized and disadvantaged children, children in conflict with law, juveniles, children without family and children of prisoners and recommend appropriate remedial measures(f) study treaties and other international instruments and strive periodical review of existing policies, programmes and other activities on child rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation in the best interest of children(g) Undertake and promote look for in the field of child rights(h) spread child rights literacy among various sections of the society and promote awareness of the safeguards available for protection of these rights through publications, the media, seminars and other available core(i) inspect or cause to be inspected any juvenile custodial home, or any other place of residence or institution meant for children, under the control of the Central Government or a ny State Government or any other authority, including any institution run by a social organisation where children are detained or lodged for the purpose of treatment, reformation or protection and take up with these authorities for remedial action, if found necessary(j) inquire into complaints and take suo otu notice of matters relating to, -(i) deprivation and violation of child rights(ii) non-implementation of laws providing for protection and development of children(iii) non-compliance of policy decisions, guidelines or instructions aimed at mitigating hardships to and ensuring welfare of the children and to provide relief to such children, or take up the issues arising out of such matters with appropriate authorities and(k) such other functions as it may consider necessary for the promotion of child rights and any other matter incidental to the above functions2) The Commission shall not inquire into any matter which is pending before a State Commission or any other Commission du ly constituted under any law for the time being in force. 5. Surrogacy is a well cognise method of reproduction whereby a woman agrees to become pregnant for the purpose of gestating and giving birth to a child she will not raise but hand over to a contracted party.She may be the childs genetic mother (the more traditional form for surrogacy) or she may be, as a gestational carrier, carry the pregnancy to delivery after having been implanted with an embryo. In some cases surrogacy is the only available option for parents who wish to have a child that is biologically related to them. The word surrogate, from Latin subrogare, means appointed to act in the place of. The intended parent(s) is the individual or couple who intends to prepare the child after its birth. 6. In traditional surrogacy (also known as the Straight method) the surrogate is pregnant with her own biological child, but this child was conceived with the intention of relinquishing the child to be raised by others by the biological father and possibly his spouse or partner, either male or female.The child may be conceived via home artificial insemination using fresh of frozen sperm or impregnated via IUI (intrauterine insemination), or ICI (intra cervical insemination) which is performed at a fertility clinic. 7. In gestational surrogacy (also know as the Host method) the surrogate becomes pregnant via embryo transfer with a child of which she is not the biological mother. She may have made an correspondence to relinquish it to the biological mother or father to raise, or to a parent who is themselves unrelated to the child (e. g. because the child was conceived using egg contribution, germ donation or is the result of a donated embryo).The surrogate mother may be called the gestational carrier. 8. Altruistic surrogacy is a situation where the surrogate receives no financial retort for her pregnancy or the relinquishment of the child (although usually all expenses related to the pregnancy and birth are paid by the intended parents such as medical exam expenses, maternity clothing, and other related expenses). 9. Commercial surrogacy is a form of surrogacy in which a gestational carrier is paid to carry a child to maturity in her womb and is usually resorted to by well off infertile couples who can afford the cost involved or people who palliate and borrow in order to complete their dream of being parents.This medical procedure is legal in several countries including in India where due to excellent medical infrastructure, high international demand and ready availability of poor surrogates it is reaching industry proportions. Commercial surrogacy is sometimes referred to by the emotionally charged and potentially funky terms wombs for rent, outsourced pregnancies or baby farms. 10. Intended parents may arrange a surrogate pregnancy because a woman who intends to parent is infertile in such a way that she cannot carry a pregnancy to term. Examples include a woman who ha s had a hysterectomy, has a uterine malformation, has had recurrent pregnancy red ink or has a healthy condition that makes it dangerous for her to be pregnant. A female intending parent may also be fertile and healthy, but defiant to undergo pregnancy. 11.Alternatively, the intended parent may be a single male or a male homosexual couple. 12. Surrogates may be relatives, friends, or previous strangers. Many surrogate arrangements are made through agencies that ease match up intended parents with women who want to be surrogates for a fee. The agencies often help manage the complex medical and legal aspects involved. Surrogacy arrangements can also be made independently. In compensated surrogacies the amount a surrogate receives varies widely from just about nothing above expenses to over $ 30,000. Careful screening is needed to assure their health as the gestational carrier incurs potential obstetrical risks. 13.In the present case, if any action is to be taken that has to be ta ken by the Commission. It has a right to inquire into complaints and even to take suo motu notice of matters relating to, (i) deprivation and violation of child rights (ii) non-implementation of laws providing for protection and development of children and (iii) non-compliance of policy decisions, guidelines or instructions aimed at mitigating hardships to and ensuring welfare of the children and to provide relief to such children, or take up the issues arising out of such matters with appropriate authorities. 14. It appears that till now no complaint has been made by anybody relating to the child, the petitioner in this Court. 15.We, therefore, dispose of this writ petition with a direction that if any person has any grievance, the same can be ventilated before the Commission constituted under the Act. It needs no emphasis that the Commission has to take into account various aspects necessary to be taken note of. 16. Another grievance of the petitioner is that the permission to tra vel so far as the child is concerned including issuance of a Passport is under consideration of the Central Government but no orders have been passed in that regard. The other solicitation in the petition is with regard to an extension of the visa of the grandmother of the child requesting for such an order. 17.Learned Solicitor General, on instructions, stated that if a comprehensive application, as required under law, is filed within a week, the same shall be disposed of expeditiously and not later than four weeks from the date of receipt of such application. If the petitioner has any grievance in relation to the order to be passed by the Central Government, such remedy, as is available in law may be availed. 18. The writ petition is accordingly disposed of without any order as to costs. All proceedings pending in any High Court relating to the matter which we have dealt with in this petition shall stand disposed of because of this order. Manupatra Information Solutions Pvt. Ltd . Bottom of Form

Evaluation and Application of Thesis

MMS DBA Student-Walden University Introduction Christopher and Towill in the article, Developing Market Specific Chain Strategies, developed the thesis that there are trio feasible pipeline designs for bring fibril (Christopher & Towill, 2002). These designs resulted from the analysis of the relations between, demand, product, supply lead-times, as main factors in global supply chain, and, greet and agility, as results from the grocery requirements. Christopher and Towill adopted a notion of total cost that reflects more the unit cost than the traditional way of limiting cost to manufacturing cost (Christopher & Towill, 2002).Hewlett-Packard (HP) along with its primeval integrated process supply chain management has adopted that notion of total cost (Lee & Billington, 1995 Edmondson & Wheelwright, 1989). In fact total integrated inventories with retailers adopted by HP correspond to the affectionate response model developed by Christopher and Towill (Billington et al. , 2004). The predictable demand model may fit the decentralized coordinated dodge adopted by HP (Edmondson & Wheelwright, 1989). Analysis and FindingsBased on the assumptions that demand is either predictable or volatile, product is either standard or special, and supply lead-times are either long or short, and all are applicable in the global supply market, Christopher and Towill induced viii possibilities for the supply chain establish on demand, product, and supply lead-times (Christopher & Towill, 2002). The findings of eight possibilities based on the characteristics of demand, product, and lead-times specified is coherent to the mathematical combination formulae associated, the number of possibilities to combine three sets of two elements each.The analysis of these eight possibilities, in respect with agility and cost effectiveness, led Christopher and Towill to conclude on the representativeness of the three pipelines, race pipeline, agile pipeline, and quick response model, as s upply chain models (Christopher & Towill, 2002). These models fit well the global supply chain for, an expected demand is either predictable or volatile corresponding to the two first pipelines and an unexpected demand requires a quick response, hence the quick response model fits that kind of demand.Christopher and Towill provided in that study examples and tables supporting the findings and developed a concise hypothetical basis for the quick response model. The tables may have been supported with more mathematical concepts within the text. The explore findings by Christopher and Towill in this study are intend for managers of global supply chain as a whole in order to achieve competitive advantage for their companies.The lean supply chain that applies the lean model to the entire supply may be a modern view of the quick response model developed by Christopher and Towill (Mentzer, Myers, & Stank, 2007, p. 288). Applicability to HP Hewlett-Packard (HP) started to tackle the globa l supply cost related problems back in late 1980s, and implemented integrated processes (Lee & Billington, 1995 Edmondson & Wheelwright, 1989). HP company leaders continued research for competitive advantage through supply chain models adopting the concept of total cost and resulted in massive cost savings (Billington et al. 2004). The adoption of the total cost of the supply chain framework mentioned shows that the quick response model as developed by Christopher and Towill is consistent to the HP Company supply model at least for pioneering in viewing the cost of a unit not only in term of manufacturing but in term of supply, building and statistical distribution (Christopher & Towill, 2002). The electronic market is changing rapidly and HP had since 1991 implemented a decentralized and incorporated system that allowed localized divisions to operate more independently (Lee & Billington, 1995).This incorporated and decentralized system adopted by HP leaders is consistent to the pre dictable demand pipeline developed by Christopher and Towill. Conclusion Christopher and Towill concluded, suggesting that Generally the preferent solution will be that predictable demand for standard items will be met via a lean pipeline probably fed from overseas manufacturers. vaporizable demand for special items will then be met via an agile pipeline probably fed from home manufacturers.A third pipeline design is for quick response to top-up standard products for which there are an unexpected demand for specific colors, sizes, and volume. References Billington, C. , Callioni, G. , Crane, B. , Ruark, J. D. , Rapp, J. U. , White, T. , & Willems, S. P. (2004, Jan/Feb). Accelerating the Profitability of Hewlett-Packards Supply Chains. Interfaces, 34(1), 59-72, from Business Source Premier, doi 10. 1287/inte. 0103. 0054 Edmondson, Harold E. , & Wheelwright, Steven C.. (1989). Outstanding Manufacturing In The Coming Decade.California Management Review, 31(4), 70-90, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID 289046). Lee, H. L. , & Billington, C. (1995, Sep/Oct). The Evolution of Supply-Chain-Management Models and Practice at Hewlett-Packard. Interfaces, 25(5), 42-63. Martin Christopher, & Denis R Towill. (2002). Developing market specific supply chain strategies. world-wide Journal of Logistics Management, 13(1), 1-14, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID 196608131). Mentzer, J. T. , Myers, M. B. , & Stank, T. P. (Eds. ). (2007). Handbook of global supply chain management. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

Diego Run

MY ESSAY It could be argued that some of the issues explored in Diego, run be not specific to the Bolivian population, but to all people in all circumstances. Discuss the relevance of the issues explored in Diego, conduce To people in Australia today. The fabrication Diego, shed blood By Debora Ellis explores what life in a third founding unsophisticated is like and how it could be anywhere in the instauration. She shows us what poverty, shaver drive and the drug trade can be like she also shows how all three of these major themes can be influenced by each other.Throughout the novel we be taken on a journey to the Bolivian country that shoes us what life can be really like when you are effect by the major themes in the book, no point where you are or who you are you could be affected. Child poke is a downside in the novel Diego, Run Child beat back is an issue that is also a high problem in our first world country today. In third world countries, sometimes there may be no choice and nestling labour is the only excerption but it is still highly wrong.Child labour is when a youngster is legally too young to be in the work force, they should be out getting and education and having fun but are being squeeze to work for the poorness of their fami untruths. Throughout Diego, run Diego who is 12 years of age is forced to do taxi jobs throughout the prison every day. He has no choice but to run errands as a taxi so he can support his mother and baby sister to be able-bodied to sleep inside the crowded cellular telephone, if he didnt support his mother in paying rent they would be forced to sleep outside of the prison.Child labour is always going to be played out throughout our society no matter how hard we try to ride it out, In Bolivia or in Australia, if you can see signs of poverty no doubt there will be Child Labour. Poverty is an overriding theme in the novel Diego, Run and is the major cause of Child Labour. Everyone you look in todays societ y you will be able to see a family or country living in poverty which includes lacking food, clothing and a place to live, this is a major problem in the Bolivian country, any third world country or any first world country. Evidence of poverty in Diego, RunAre that Diego and his family have to rent out a cell in a prison nevertheless so they dont have to sleep outside in the prison, this conciliates readers stunned and occupy them react to just how bad poverty can be. If there is poverty, parents will do as much as they can to support their family or force their child into child to make them help support the family. Poverty can make anyone want to earn money so they can make a living and onset to live a better life for themselves and their family if they have one, if this means going into the drug trade then thats what will happen no matter of the consequences.In the novel Diego, run The dominate theme of the drug trade shows us how someone living in poverty relies on the drug t rade to make a living. In Bolivia the police force is poor, so it would be easy for someone in poverty to start the making of drugs in the country and make a living. Anywhere you go you will discover some form of drug trade, from the young to the old. Bolivia is a third world country and people are living in poverty and this is the reason Diego goes into the drug trade in the first place, to help is family out.Diego was peer pressured into entering the drug trade by other boy in the prison this is similar to our society as we dont start smoking or taking drugs until our peers or parents encourage us to do so. Mando virtually brain washes Diego into going away into the drug world to make a living for his mum, he thinks he has no other option so he decides to go with him. First he has to earn some boliviano to have with him in his pocket and then write a note to lie to his mother about going to stay with his father for a while.Ultimately as long as you have poverty you will have chil d labour and a drug trade. Familys going through a tough time will take their child out of education to force them into child labour to earn a living for their family. No matter where you go, or where you come from, a first world county or a third world country you will soon stumble across signs of poverty, child labour and the drug trade. Deborah Ellis has written a very inspiring novel, Diego, Run To inform us about what things are really like in todays society.

Energy Drinks, the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Essay

Energy drinks, also known as power boosters, are easy drinks that contain nutrients and good flavor. The name of some energy drinks are Red Bull, Rockstar, and nut. These drinks help improve and boost energy levels. People who drink power beverages consider decrease in stress, muscle strain, and fatigue. Power beverages also help improve speed and reaction. Energy drinks should remain on the market because they help athletes, workers, and students maintain performance, natural selection and momentum.The most accepted energy drink is Red Bull. Red Bull contains caffeine and sodium. Caffeine acts as a pick-me-up, giving people the feeling of beingness awake and alert. Sodium helps to prevent the body from losing water. These ingredients work together to increase energy levels in the human body. Red Bull commercials often feature athletes, students, and workers intoxication its products. Some people prefer to drink diet energy drinks. Red Bull is the only brand that offers power d rinks in diet, making it the most habitual energy drink on the market.Monster Energy, second in popularity, is highly favored by the adult community. It is the energy drink of choice for most athletes. Monster largely relies on a high dosage of sugar and caffeine to boost the users energy level. After drinking one foot of Monster, users experience a feeling that is similar to drinking three cups of coffee.Rock Star is available in fourteen different flavors and is preferred by the younger generation. People that like to party prefer Rock Star because it prevents them from getting tired. The increased amounts of sugar and vitamins in Rock Star help prevent confused energy. This gives party goers power to keep going.Energy drinks are good for people because they keep the human body alert.

Prince Henry the Navigator and Zheng He

Prince Henry and Zheng He Comparison passim history, many people strived for glory by exploring new lands. They hoped to leave an impact while gaining money and success. Zheng He of China and Prince Henry of Portugal, both set out on maritime expeditions. Prince Henry is widely known and remembered while Zheng He is recognized for being a eunuch. Both used maritime travel to gain economic specify, power and success for their rulers, and to successfully gain economic dominance over the new, conquered lands. However, the two voyagers differed greatly in their reasons for exploration.Henry wanted to spread his religion and focused on gaining allies while Zheng He strived to gain knowledge, trade, and force people to acknowledge Chinese power. In addition, Zheng He actually led these voyages while Henry just funded them. Finally, Portugal largely supported Prince Henrys expeditions while Zheng He was granted lesser to no support in China. The structures and values of Portugal and Spai n differed greatly. This contri notwithstandinged to how each explorer is remembered. The Portuguese, relied heavily on foreign supplies. Portugals capitalist economy allowed many people to birth and go on explorations.This made Henrys voyages heavily supported and made expansion possible. Unlike Portugal, China did not have a high school demand for foreign supplies. It was a largely self-reliant empire and many citizens intendd it was higher than all others. Therefore they did not believe that exploration was necessary. In addition, Confucian scholars believed it was demeaning to rely on any other nations. Consequently, Zheng Hes voyages were barely supported, and he was considered to be a servant of the emperor with little to no independence. Moreover, China relied heavily on their land army while Portugal relied on their navy.Soon, China burnt Zheng Hes works and banned the creation of ships. Throughout Portugal, Prince Henry was highly renowned while in China Zheng He was una cknowledged. Some parts of Prince Henry and Zheng Hes voyages and accomplishments differed greatly. Economically, Zheng He was focused on trading while Henry used the newfound nations to gain more wealth and allies for Portugal. Zheng He stressed Chinas rule and strived to obtain knowledge. However, Prince Henry was more focused on gaining allies. Henrys several attempts to gain allies can be linked with his desire to gain strong suit to fight the Muslims on the Iberian Peninsula.When Henry came into contact with other cultures, it was his Christian duty to spread his faith. Zheng He had no desire to spread his religion during his voyages, entirely he was quite tolerant of other religions. Prince Henry simply guided and controlled the voyages and expansion while Zheng He traveled and led the Chinese on explorations virtually the world. Though both men traded with the new lands, Zheng He traded rare goods while Prince Henry acquired humans. Zheng He and Prince Henry clearly diffe red in their reasons for exploration.Prince Henry and Zheng Hes ways of expanding shared several similarities. Both men set out to expand power for their rulers. China and Portugal were extremely advanced in maritime knowledge, which was uncommon, but it allowed for expansion. In addition, both wanted to help their rulers achieve the goal of global dominance, proving that the people of each society highly regarded their rulers. To achieve this goal, both developed boats and relied on their navy. Henry and Zheng He were polite and respectful to the locals, though the Chinese were less forceful than the Portuguese.They also both wanted to impose economic dominance by their homelands over each new land but neither used force. Overall, both Zheng He and Henry successfully expanded their nations influence while also accomplishing their exploration goals. Though the voyages of Prince Henry differed with those of Zheng He, the two still maintained many similarities. With such similar achie vements, it is surprising that Prince Henry is celebrated and comfortably known while Zheng He is forgotten and disregarded. However, their homelands differed greatly in the way they viewed travel and foreign connections.Portugals relied heavily on outside goods allowing for Prince Henry to be regarded as one of the first people to participate in maritime voyages during the age of exploration. However, China was strongly against interacting with the outside world so proof of Zheng Hes achievements were burned and disregarded. Over time, many historians have begun to recognize Zheng Hes expeditions and refer to him as an important voyager during the age of exploration. Without Prince Henry, Zheng He, and other explorers, people believe that the world would not have turned into what it is today.

New York Life – Marketing Management Case Analysis

BAB25 Case analysis 2 New York Life and present(prenominal) Annuities remote the old days where a retiree could rest assured that they could come through out the rest of their life on their pension and social bail checks, the retirees of straight off receive their pensions paid out in a lump sum that takes the place of the pension check, but encompasses the total amount a retiree has to go bad on until they pass away. This creates uncertainty in the amount a retiree ass spend per month, and if the total amount is sufficient to last them until they pass away.Immediate annuities help to create certainty in the financial situation of retirees. While retirees green goddess be certain that they will receive a social security check each month, the amount of income they are able to receive from their pensions can vary depending on their contribution plan. Immediate annuities are a one-time purchase that guarantees a monthly payment for the remainder of the purchasers life. They so lve the problem well as they take away the uncertainty of where a retiree can receive their income from, they are the ideal vehicle to guarantee retirees a lifetime income (Rotemberg & Gourville, 2010, p. ). Generally speaking, neither the buyers (the retirees) nor the sellers (agents/advisors) of immediate annuities are very(prenominal) enthusiastic about them. Consumers let several interrelated reasons for not buy immediate annuities. Firstly people are often not familiar with immediate annuities, which evidently causes fewer buyers. Then, buying immediate annuities means spending a vast sum of money as usually immediate annuities cost at least $100. 000 or more.This large sum of money has to be paid at once, spot the purchase is irrevocable which causes doubts, most importantly because the retiree does not know if they will live long enough to make the purchase profitable. If not, more money will be put in the purchase than they will get out of it, moment it is quite a gamb le to buy immediate annuities (Rotemberg & Gourville, 2010). The agents and advisors that are supposed to sell immediate annuities, on the other hand, also have their doubts. Investment advisors actively manage their clients money.Immediate annuities do not allow for this as it is a one-time investment. This also means that the advisor/agent gets a one-time commission, which is less profitable compared to stash away multiple fees from one client all over time for revocable investments (Rotemberg & Gourville, 2010). Additionally, advisors/agents often also do not have enough knowledge of the product, making it very hard to sell. Agents/advisors that do have knowledge of the product often state that immediate annuities are a bad retirement product.Only 9% of financial advisors (strongly) prefer the product, against 64% having a (very) weak preference for it (Morgan Stanley Research, 2007, as used in Rotemberg & Gourville, 2010). New York Life (NYL) has set its mind on growing the Gu aranteed aliveness Income (GLI) business in the future, but faces several possible paths in order to reach this goal. To be as cost-efficient as possible, we think that the company should hire its pool of end-customers wisely. The focus on retirees should be maintained and even enforced, as many still do not know the products proposed by NYL.Furthermore, the focus should be broadened to a larger target group, to include the typical customers of the companies, families with children. As noted by Rotemberg and Gourville (2010), NYL tends to build long term relations with its clients, as agents follow them over time and sell multiple contracts to them. We can think that an ageing family would present a risk management mindset, as their childrens future is not secured yet. We can hence position the product by presenting it as a safe solution adapted to ones own needs.Differentiating the product from those of NYLs competitors is important potential clients of GLI annuities should under stand the schoolmaster benefits of the product. Building on the companys reputation, GLI annuities should be promoted as a long term investment from a responsible company, concerned with its customers and providing long term relations mingled with agents and customers. In order to reach a greater public and change customers mindsets, we need to strengthen the core components of the company.For this, we reckon that the focus should be put on NYLs agents rather than collaboration with investors that would force NYL to compromise on its values and products. While the pool of agents is already significant, only 4000 of them sold GLI annuities, as only 40% of the 11,500 agents had authorized the training specific to the product (Rotemberg & Gourville, 2010, p. 12). Therefore we believe that the GLI business would grow if all agents are trained to improve their knowledge of the products and hence their services to customers.We believe that the pool of agents should be increased gradua lly as number of customers grows in order to sustain the aforementioned values of NYL while the price of GLI annuities should not be changed, considering the customized services NYL provides. Instead, they need to focus on convincing customers that theyre worth their price as their product is unique. i. e. NYL needs to emphasize the novel aspects of its product to differentiate from competitors, while promotion should be built on NYLs values.

Management Challenges

Shrinking budgetary allocation is common in many businesses, which cigarette be nominated by external factors such as lack of profit, or internal factors such as a deliberate decision to cut costs. Whichever the cause may be, people tasked with the centering of a business should learn how to sleep with with such eventualities. A choice has to be made and a strategy undertaken in order to ensure that the business would not solo survive, that even succeed in its venture.Shrinking budgets are nothing more than challenges on the charge of scarce resources (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Contrary to instinct and common belief, shrinking budgets do not hinder the productivity of an organization. True, shrinking budgets do demand more efficient actions and grounded decisions, but they likewise push managers into performing better.Tjosvold and Poon note the opinion of researchers on organizational power and politics to the effect that conflicts over scare resources intensify competition (Tjo svold & Poon, 1998). They also claim that conflict over scarce resources lead to effective distribution of resources.The scarcity of resources brought about by the shrinking budget can be fat because of the demand to step up to a higher level. This breeds a sense of competition in the team, which pushes people to work harder to produce better output (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). On the other side of this perspective is one that denies the usefulness of competition (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998).This side emphasizes cooperation among members of a management team in order to come up with a business plan that manages the effects of the lowered budget (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Thus, shrinking budget could lead to unity, cooperation, relationship development and organizational power theorizing (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Thus, taken in the neat perspective, shrinking budgets could actually raise productivity to a higher level (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998).Workplace DiversityDiversity is another aspect of bu siness management that has caught the cheer of many practitioners and researchers. Generally, the widely held opinion is one in favor of various kinds of diversity in the workplace, such as sexuality and cultural diversity (Miller,1999).For example, promoting gender diversity in a business organization is now being considered as an effective way of building good human resources. Women are ofttimes seen as a minority in various business firms, since they occupy a small percentage in a corporations manpower (Miller,1999). However, present changes are reversing this trend through the increased hiring of women in business organizations (Miller,1999).The policy towards increasing the number of women recruits in business and professional organizations is a positivist and bold move that is directed towards removing undue discrimination in the professional setting.Provided that the woman applicant possesses the qualifications required by the available position, there is no curtilage t o choose a male employee possessing the homogeneous qualifications over a female employee, if such decision is based solely on the applicants genders. Thus, simultaneous with the recognition of the inequalities in society regarding hiring of men and women, promoting gender diversity in the workplace shows a deliberate policy of equalizing the commercialize for men and women alike.Another aspect of diversity is cultural diversity. This concept works optimally for a multinational business, which has business connections in various localities (Miller, 1999). Hiring people from all sorts of cultural backgrounds would allow the business organization to make it out to the locals of the place, thereby increasing the companys goodwill, and eventually, profit (Miller, 1999). Thus, a company that has sales agents of the same cultural background as the consumers has more chances of capturing that market (Miller, 1999).Cultural diversity also leads to a better understanding by the company of possible issues that lead to misunderstanding and disagreements among people working in the same workplace (Miller, 1999). Thus, it is apparent that cultural diversity can play a major role in promoting the well being of a business organization. It should be noted, however, that the organization must ensure equal treatment to people even though they are coming from different cultural backgrounds (Miller, 1999). This way, cultural diversity would only benefit the business organization, and not hinder its development (Miller, 1999).Ethics and the OrganizationEthical principles and policies play a big role in the operations and achievement of a business organization (Hamner, 2006). While ethics is commonly treated as a legal concept, it deals more with proper behavior of people in any situation (Hamner, 2006). The concern about honest or unethical behavior of members of a business organization springs from the realization that such behavior has commodious effects on the success or failure of such organization (Hamner, 2006). In particular, unethical behavior within an organization has adverse effects, which could consist in loss of huge sums of money (Hamner, 2006).The best effect of having a clearly formulated ethical policy and ethical code within an organization is the bend of such policy and code on the conduct and attitude of members of the organization (Hamner, 2006). A strong support by the management in favor of ethical behavior will breed a culture of ethics that would make people value ethics, to the extent that unethical behavior would seen out of place in the organization (Hamner, 2006).To be effective promoters of ethical behavior in a business organization, the management must devise incentive schemes for members of the organization who follow ethical rules (Hamner, 2006). Moreover, the ethical rules and policies should be able to cover all facets of ethical behavior, which includes moral, economic, and legal aspects (Hamner, 2006).In sum, man aging business necessarily means that one will have to deal with different challenges, such as shrinking budgets, workplace diversity, and ethical issues. However, all such challenges can be dealt with and used as means to succeed. Proper management would actually make organizations stronger and better once such kinds of challenges are met squarely.ReferencesHamner, M. (2006). Management. Aerospace America. Retrieved October 17, 2007Miller, S. (1999). Poltical Correctness in the Office. Office Systems 16(4).Tjosvold, D. & Poon, M. (1998). Dealing with Scarce Resources Open-Minded Interaction for Resolving compute Conflicts. Group Organization Management 23(3) 237-255

The Role of the Economy in Presidential Elections

There are legion(predicate) occurrenceors that can influence a presidential preference in the United States. One of the most important factors is the preservation. It is always one of the pennant cut into topics which candidates must pay close attention to. What makes it such an important rejoinder is that it does not matter what produce the parsimoniousness is. Whether it is in good shape or bad shape, it is still going to play a major role. However, if the prudence is suffering than is going to be an even larger talking smear.When the economy is not doing well, voters develop more refer about it, which means that the candidates need to throw a good devise on how to fix it. Otherwise, they will lose a lot of realize. People are always interested with money, which is why the submit of the economy always plays a role in presidential elections. Although, how big(p) of a role it plays does vary. Even though it does vary, it is always going to be an important output in presidential elections. Money and our economy are things that voters are always going to be concerned with.That is why in this paper I am going to discuss the role of the economy in presidential elections by comparing and contrasting its role in the 2008, 2004, and 2000 elections. In doing so I will show that the economy plays a major role in presidential elections, scarcely that that role does vary depending on the state of the economy. The 2008 United States presidential election was a genuinely exciting and ground breaking one. There were many exposes that vie an important role in this election, but one of the biggest was the economy. It play the biggest role in this election compared to the 2004 and 2000 presidential elections.It was considered one of the primordial issues of the election. The reason why it was such a big issue is the fact that the economy is in the worst shape it has been in since the Great Depression. This caused it to be a central issue which meant t hat each candidate was going to tolerate to make sure that they had a solid economic plan. both(prenominal) of their plans needed to appeal to the voters. Each candidates plan on how to help out the economy was one of the offset things that people would look at. The United States has the biggest deficit that it has ever had. This played into what plan each candidate came up with.It caused the candidates to change their stance on some issues. For example, Obama has plans to create a national healthcare system for those who cannot succumb it (Skarda 2008 1). However, due to the fact that the deficit is so great, this plan would call for increased spending which would only play to the deficit. He then said that he would wait for the market to begin to stabilize before he would implement his plan. During a time of economic crisis like this, it is important for candidates to not contrive any plans to energise taxes. This would result in making them unpopular.It is something that t hey need to pay close attention to. Many people be fill in unsure in times of such economic crisis and are going to look to the candidate who they rely has the best plan and seem the most confident in carrying out that plan. The candidates needed to make this a top priority because the country is in tough times economically it becomes a major issue. chthonian these circumstances, people continue to grow unsure of the economy and their own future. They do not be whether or not they are going to lose their job, be able to pay their bills, or even support their family.So when it comes to deciding which candidate to vote for, they are going to look at what each candidates plan to fix the economy is. They are going to want to vote for the candidate who seems most concerned about fixing the economy. As a result of all this, the economy played a actually(prenominal) big role in the 2008 presidential election as it was one of the top, if not the top issue in the election. Also it playe d a much bigger role when compared to the 2004 and 2000 elections. Like during the 2008 presidential election, the economy also played a major role in the 2004 election.Although it was not as major as in the 2008 election, it was still very important and not too far behind. And it played a bigger role in this election, than it did in the 2000 election. It was not as big of an issue due to the fact that the economy was not in as bad of shape as it was in 2008. However, it was still a central issue in the election. Also, it was over shadowed by the events that occurred on September 11, 2001. After the terrorist attacks, people became very concerned with issues of national security, so that became a big issue in the 2004 election.But like always, voters were still very interested in the candidates plans to help the economy. The Republicans believed that the improving economy would help President Bush win reelection, firearm the Democrats believed that there was no economic recovery du e to the number of jobs that were lost. Also they argued that President Bush was go forth a growing national debt for future generations because of his tax cuts. The Bush administration argued back claiming that the tax cuts have spurred the economy and will help boost the governments income (OSullivan 2004 1).As a result, the candidates plans for the economy became an important issue. In addition, the candidates needed to have a good plan for how to handle the economy when the baby boomers reach hideaway age (OSullivan 2). That was an important issue to many voters and each candidate needed to be aware of that and have a good plan. But the biggest economic issue was the loss of jobs in recent years. But in the end, economic issues along with all the other issues were trumped by national security issues. Voters were concerned with the war and the auspices against future terrorist attacks first and foremost.As a result, the role of the economy was downsized and was not able to hav e as big of an impact. So despite not being the main issue of the 2004 election, it was still a major issue, but was not able to play as big of a role due to the war. During the 2000 presidential election the economy played the smallest role when compared to the 2004 and 2008 elections. The reason for this is that during this time the economy was booming and there was low unemployment. ascribable to the fact that there were few economic problems, issues on the economy were on the back of peoples minds.Also, there was not much either party had to do with economic issues. The Democrats were just able to point out how good of shape they got the economy in. Since the economy was doing so well, the Republicans could not attack it or come up with any plans to improve it that voters would really care about. Although the economy was in good shape, it still could have been used as a major tool in getting elected for the Democrats. Al battue did not utilize the good economy in gaining suppo rt to its full potential (Cain 2001 2). Had he do this, perhaps it would have helped him gain enough votes to win.While at the same time, this allowed George W. Bush to have one slight issue to worry about since people really were no concerned with it. He was able to direction on other issues and promote his ideas on those issues more than he would have been able to if the economy had played a bigger role. Unlike the other elections, Bush had a better chance of victorious election by not talking about the economy. This is opposite of the 2008 election were one of the first issues that voters wanted to know the candidates plans for was the economy.And had they not talked about the economy as one of the top issues, they would have had no chance of winning election. The 2004 election is similar to the 2008 election in this aspect. This is one of the few elections where the economy was not one of the top issues at the forefront of the election. While compared to the 2008 and 2004 ele ctions, the economy during the 2000 election had the least important role. In summation, the economy played the biggest role in the 2008 presidential election. It played the second biggest role in the 2004 election and the smallest in the 2000 election.Even though it played a different sized role in each of these elections, it was a major issue when compared to other issues. The economy always plays a major role in presidential elections. But as I have just shown, it plays a much bigger role when the economy is suffering compared to when it is doing well. By comparing the different roles the economy has played in recent elections, it becomes clear that the economy has played a major role in presidential elections and will continue to in future elections.

Vegan vs Vegetarian

Vegan And Vegetarian organism a vegan in many ways could help the world from suffering the hunger and many more than issue such as the global warming, because veganism ideology doesnt to use nevertheless an animal harvest-feast and not to eat all kind of meat. But sometimes, a vegan mostly becomes an activist of the animal rights, and even worse a vegan sometimes can become very fanatic, for example some of them wont come to movies which contain an animal in the play, because they know that the animal was organism pushed to do the exact scenario.While macrocosm a vegetarian is consuming non-meat food, but still can consume any dairy product, such as milks and eggs. And world a vegetarian is only a belief for some people who usually become a vegetarian for some primary target, sometimes it could be to be healthy or for diets only, because based on the research, macrocosm a vegetarian is the healthiest diets ever after being a vegan which is healthier. Since being a vegan is mor e difficult than being a vegetarian, and then I myself assume that most of vegan people must be started from being a vegetarian.So being a vegan is a higher class above a vegetarian, its like being a vegan is taking a next step from being a vegetarian, but still at that place are many people who does be a vegan immediately, means they dont start from being a vegetarian. In addition, if every people in the world is being vegans, then the world would never suffering the hunger and the stocks of the food can be multiplied by 3, because the food that we used to raised dairy animal isnt equal to the result of the meat.

Health and social care management Essay

INTRODUCTIONThis essay the author go out be able to approximate current systems for managing finances Resources in health and social criminal maintenance settings. Therefore will evaluate how m startary Decisions are made and the need to monitor budgets. This will then enable the author to Evaluate the tinge of pecuniary considerations on an individual using health and Social dish out ser guilts.Furthermore will generate a core understanding of the range of systems available, and How these are apply in the planning and financial charge of health and social Care budgets. The unit gain ground will encourage understanding the importance of supervise budget expenditure and its influence on the provision of health and social Care service.LO.11.1PRINCIPLE OF COSTING AND BUSINES laterality SYTEMSAnalysis of current situation against budget and forecast, classification and coding, job approaching, Contract following, actual personify ascertainment,allocation/ trystCOSTING DEF INITIONCosting it describe as According official terminology the technical schoolnique and use of ascertaining speak to. These valuation systems including main beliefs and system to determine the cost of goods or services. It also thequantity of supply used in replacement of goods or services. The income used can be financed or moneys value, trucking rig variableSemi Fixed CostCost Cost is an amount that has to be paid or given up in order to get something Cost building block The unit cost is the cost incurred by a smart set to produce, store and sell one unit of a opusicular product. Unit costs include all improve costs and all variable costs A cost center is part of an organization that does not produce adopt profit and adds to the cost of Running a company. Examples of cost centers include Cost object Cost object is often a product or department for which cost is accumulated or measured. For example, a product is the cost object for direct materials, direct labor and man ufacturing overhead also the factory aid department is cost object for the cost of the maintenance employees and the maintenance supplies. Cost benefit analysis Is A cost object is a tangible introduce for a product manufactured/service provided, like labor or material. For example a framework manufacturing firm requires someBreak even analysisClassification of cost means, the grouping of costs fit to their common characteristics. The important Cost behavior The way a specific cost reacts to changes in employment levels is called cost behavior. Costs may stay the same or may change proportionatelyVariable Cost / Product CostVariable costs are the Fixed and Variable cost A cost is fixed if, indoors a specified period of time, it does not change in result to changes in the level of activity. A variable cost is one that changes in response to changes in the level of activity, it changes in direct proportion to the volume of activity, that is, doubling the level of activity will d ouble the fundamental variable cost total cost over a period of time for the variable inputs. some(prenominal) increase in the volume of production results in an increase in the variable cost and vice versa. For example, of variable costs is the cost of raw material. Semi-Variable Cost / Semi-Fixed cost These costs are in part fixed and in part variable. For example repair machine fees. Semi-variable cost includes both a fixed and a variable element. For example, a telephone bill contains a fixed standing charge anda variable charge based on the number of units dialled.A semi-fixed cost or stepped cost is one where the cost remains constant for a range of activity then when the activity increases still further the cost will take a step upward. Break-even Analysis is an expected component of most telephone circuit plans, especially for start-up companies. It shows how much revenue you need to cover for both fixed and variable costs and cost benefit analysis are frequently used by health and social care institution to monitor cost and make decision about expenditures. Cost data are very profitable in budget preparation and forecasting for the financial year, the Providers use cost data to manage services and improve operational efficiency. Cost data are also used to support the development of price and currency design for reimbursement purposes A direct cost is especially noticeable to a set cost object.A cost object is a product, procedure, section, or action for which the health validation requirements to assess the cost, much(prenominal) as a medical test, a care appointment, or a health check process. indirect costs cannot be traced to an agreed cost purpose not including resorting to some arbitrary method of assignment. Hand, is at one time convolute in producing revenues, and, if it is managed well, its revenues exceed its cost and it produces a profit.The six principles of costing areStakeholder struggle Stakeholder engagement is the process by which an organisation involves people who may be affected by the decision it makes or can influence the implementation of its decision Materiality is in accounting relates to the significance of transaction, balances and errors contained in financial statements. . Consistency For some costing purposes, a consistent approach is required across or within organizations. Data accuracy, Accurate costing relies on the quality of the underlying input data. Transparency Costing should be transparent and auditableCausality and objectivityImportance of costingCosting help an organisation to manage is company to incur a cost with theexpectation of profit Example A company may cave in a variety of distinct departments,division,or operating groups,each with separate responsibilities and each contri moreovering to the overall success of the company.cost centers,for example,such as accounting,auditing,or inventory check into,have costs,but does not contribute revenues. As a result, they do not produce profits.1.2 The information involve to manage financial resourcesIs to understand the role of planning in the charge of health and social care budgets also the importance of monitoring budget expenditure. Such as transparent and Accurate accounting data, put on the line watchfulness, short and long term Forecasts, audit report.Information1 Need is logical argument costs, people, equipment, finance, buildings, consumable items, administration Income streams trends and external influences, e.g. changes in policy, competitive factors, legal requirements.1.3Regulatory requirementsLegislation and codes of practice, audit, accountability, policies. Systems sources of income, how budgets are set, administration of budgets, cost centers, accountabilities, Audit requirements Information moving in costs people, equipment, finance, buildings, consumable items, administration Income streams trends and external influenceschanges in policy, competitive factors, legal requirements.1 .4 System for managing financeIs a plan, assuring that resources are obtained and used effectively, efficiently in the accomplishment of the organizations goals. Therefore, it focuses on programs and responsibility center and it is a total encompasses of all aspects of a firms operation and usually built around a financial and accounting structure need two types of information for focussing chasten planned date such as, budgets, standards, and projections) andactual data.Budgetary experience systemCost keep back systemFinancial control systemInternal control and auditEnterprise resource management systemIT control systemsImportance of business control systemLO2 ROLE OF PLANNING IN THE wariness OF CARE TECH cipherCare tech one-year reportFinancial ReviewThe company has repeated the good progress of recent years in 2013 The UK market Group has continued to be progressive and has made encouraging progress during the year. The underlying operating profit remains strong at 23.2m compared with 21.7m last year.Transaction on 28 August 2013 to acquire two property portfolio businesses, leading to an annual rent saving Of 4.4m.Income Statement2013 2012m m GrowthRevenue 114.3 114.1 0.2%Gross profit 45.6 45.3administrative expenses (19.2) (20.4) primal EBITDA 26.4 24.9 6.0%Underlying EBITDA margin 23.1%, 21.8%Depreciation (3.1) (3.1)Share-based payment charge (0.1) (0.1)Underlying operating profit 23.2 21.7 6.9% realise financial expenses (5.7) (5.0)Underlying profit before appraise 17.5 16.7Taxation (3.4) (3.4)Effective tax rate 20.0%, 20.0%Underlying profit for the year 14.1 13.3Weighted average number of diluted bundles (millions) 51.3 50.4 Underlying diluted earnings per share 27.43 26.47Full year dividend per share 7.00p 6.50pRevenueRevenue of 114.3m (2012 114.1m) was 0.2% higher than in 2012. In the established bragging(a) Learning Disabilities segment we continued to experience high levels of occupancy2.1 Diverse sources of income2.2 Factors that may i nfluence the assentingibility of financial resources 2.3 Types of budget expenditure2.4 Decisions about expenditureTASK 3 IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING BUDGET EXPENDITURE IN CARE TECH3.1 Managing financial shortfalls3.2 Financial fraud actions3.3 Budget monitoring arrangementsLO.4 make up ones mind OF SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES ON CARE TECH SERVICES 4.1 Information required in making financial decisions distinguishable types of information are needed by decision makers depending upon the stage of operation they are in. The decision involved can be Quantitative or qualitative. Judgments regarding movements in future share prices, likely future dividend payments and management efficiency. Ratios to determine management efficiency. Data to compare the market trend and future estimates.4.2 Relationship between care service delivered and costs and expenditure 4.3 Impact of financial considerations on a service user4.4 upward(a) care services through changes in financial systems and processesBo ttom of Form.Of fraud.4 Understand how systems and processes for managing financial resources influence health and social Care services Financial decisions responsibility for decision making, information available, sources of income, prioritiesThe kind between service delivery, costs and expenditure cost-benefit, pricing policies, purchasing Arrangements. Impact on individuals quality of service, access to service. Recommendations options available, supporting evidence, information to be presented for discussion by financial decision makers. Information about the business environment and external influences Good understanding Of the business cost by health care managers will aid the management of financial resources in health care organisation. The information includes Staff cost (Wages and salaries, pension off cost) Medical equipment and appliances cost (Hoist, Buckets, Buckets, Stretcher, Trolley, Wheelchair) Cost (Outright purchase or submit Operating or finance lease Cost of consumable items (Food, toiletries, Soap, Kerosene, lanternAdministrative cost and Professional fees The revenue (income) receives depend on the service and business engagement of the health organisation which includes normal business activities such as (Adult Learning Disabilities, Mental Health, younker People Residential Services, Foster Care rents and service charges from social housing lettings and leasehold management revenue grant, tax support contribution.The Regulatory bodyThey are alot of regulatory required for satisfying while managing financial resources, but in this essay the author will mention a few such as, Care tech holding PLC in 2013 financial ending. Care Quality Commission,Healthcare Sector Regulator Monitor, NHS Commissioning Board,1. Copernican to monitor to avoid fraud and eororWhat is Importance of costing in HSC1.2Intoduce by defining business control systemsIdentify and explain the different business controls systems in BULLETS (Budgetary control syste m, Cost control system, Financial control system, Internal control and audit, Enterprise resource management system, IT control systems) Conclude with the importance of business control systems.

Comparatve Essay on the Fat Black Womans Poems, Sula and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay

These writers explore both the social roles that limit them and the bodies that em be the project. In light of this quotation, comp atomic number 18 how the writers explore gender. commodious sargasso sea, by Jean Rhys, and genus Sula by Toni Morrison argon both unexampleds that respond to the issues of wo hands that atomic number 18 confined to their social roles. Grace Nichols book, The avoirdupois weight shocking Womans Poems, supports and as well as contrasts the views of both Rhys and Morrison. All trio texts question gender roles and repression in society.While Nichols is very outspoken and doesnt let her gender confine her, the main character in Wide Sargasso Sea, Antoinette, is re severeed by social and historical roles in her society. Characters same Sula are a threat to the rigid stereotype of the serving char, and Morrison contrasts the role of Sula with Nel, a girl who embraces the ceremonious belief of society that a woman should marry and settle down and s erve her family. All three texts explore gender by emphasising the importance of a womans vocalism.Nichols uses her voice to revolve around on her identity, and to portray her self-reliance. In her song Love Act, she says Her sorcery cut them, wish a whip, she becloud her triumph, and slowly stir the poison in. This shows that Nichols knows that women arent weak, and have their own kind of function and intelligence, and she challenges the authoritarian men that surround her. Her use of simple English and Creole reinforce her Creole identity. For example, in the poem Skin-Teeth, she says Massa (Master) and in The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, she says de weather so cold.Her use of colloquial vocabulary shows us that even though she have intercourses in the Western world, she still speaks as they do in her homeland, and she give non change the way she speaks to conform to societys ways. The title Love act acts as an ironic euphemism for the degradation derived from forced perk up with the planter, but one and only(a) critic claimed that the rest of the poem shows that this federal agency chuck up the sponges the slave to enter the Big House as the white planters mistress and hence use the power of her African magic against the white family. 1 The confident tone in her voice leads us to believe that despite cosmos a slave, stuck in her role, she is battling against the social figures that confine her. Much handle Nichols, Rhys as well as emphasises the importance of a womans voice.She gives Antoinette a voice in her novel, even though Antoinette has a mental problem. Her pathological suffering means that her mental stability can be questioned, and Rhys gives her a voice in order for us to realize Antoinettes complex thoughts and emotions. For example, Antoinette tells Rochester, I hate the place now like I hate you, and before I die I will show you how much I hate you. Rhys allows us to understand, through this quote, that Antoinette once l oved her home. Interestingly, Antoinette and Rochester never express their love to each other, which shows Antoinette is more ready to express her love for a place than for a person.However, Rhys giving Antoinette a voice does not change the way women are treated in the reality of the novel. Antoinette is still personified as an entrapped wife. She is trapped in patriarchal social structures of exploitation her husband takes her to England, where she is locked away in the garret room of her husbands house, under the watch of a servant.This truly portrayed Antoinettes vulnerability and confinement as Rochesters wife, and this influences how Rhys portrays women to the lectors who are familiar with the restraints on women. Nichols and Rhys use the premier person narrative to reveal the characters thoughts and to give the reviewer an insight into the psychological and physical problems the characters encounter. For instance, in WSS, Antoinettes husband Rochester says, I was jade of these people. I disliked their laughter and their tears, their flattery and envy, conceit and deceit. And I hated the place(P141).Because Rhys has used first person, it discloses Rochesters most personal thoughts, and he has become a more complex and psychologically force out character. He suffers a certain paranoia around Antoinette and her family, and this paranoia can only be truly revealed using his thoughts. Rochester, as a white masculine, does not connect with his surroundings, he sees it as alien, and to overcome this infamiliarity, he asserts his power and regains mold over his wife. For Antoinette, her first person narrative account of her stratum is a key way of the reader being able to understand her pains as a lonely Creole woman.Both Wide Sargasso Sea and The FBWs poems give a strong voice to otherwise marginalized women and transforms them both from master tragic demise into a kind of triumphant heroism. Nichols uses humour as the main deconstructive strategy to be an efficient official document for subverting the myths that have suppress corrosive women. The womans organic structure acquires relevance, as the poems focus on a coloured immigrant woman within a context of white supremacy. Nichols creates persona who she uses to represent the black female body and she constitutes a challenge to black womens objectification in the Western (British) society, in which she is exiled.The writer occasionally speaks in the first person, has no name, so the third-person poetic voice refers to her as the copious black woman. The fat black woman refuses to be a victim and, therefore, rejects all the traps set(p) by racist and s constitute society by means of stereotypes that aim at constricting her into restricting roles. It is her that dictates in her poem Holding My Beads The power to be what I am a woman charting my own futures a woman holding my beads in my hand. This particular quote allows us to understand that she is proud to be a woman , and she feels a certain type of strength because of her identity.Her beads symbolise that she believes she herself has power over her future. Nichols Black woman uses her body, her voice and her song to maintain her sense of selfhood, to support others and to subvert the structures that oppress her. 2 She refuses to accept the stereotype of the long-suffering black woman. She shows that she is strong and full of fight in her poem The Fat Black womans Motto On Her Bedroom Door. She says Its better to die in the flesh of hope, than to live in the slimness of despair. This tells us that she has hope and is not going to live in despair, in the suffering stereotype she is given.Much like the Fat Black Woman, Sula also rejects the stereotype, and leaves The Bottom to explore, and in doing so, she shows her community that she is not going to suffer like every other black woman. Morison has said that she wanted to help create a canon of black work, and therefore portrays Sula as more than just a wife or worker. Morrisons work highlights the timeless and universal themes that exist within this specific struggle of gender confinement, and Sulas character is a rebel this stereotype, and she leaves her oppressed community to explore the world.When she returns from her ten year absence, she is accompanied by a plague of robins. The plague of robins symbolizes the bad that she brought with her, and how it would affect those who lived in The Bottom. The attire she returns in shows the reader that Sula has totally rebelled the stereotype of the poor black girl, and she was dressed in a manner that was close to a movie star as whatsoeverone would ever see. She is dressed in a Western style, perhaps American, and her attire alone portrays her military position that she has no longer allowed society to confine her to the role of a reserved woman, she is now more westernized.Morrison explores the mythic power of femininity in a poor, and isolated rural black community, wher e women rule as brings, warriors, witches and storytellers one of the most compelling writers at work today. 3 It has been argued that women in the community act as protectors of the community, and are stuck in the domestic role. Sulas grandmother Eva Peace is a perfect example of this. Although she was abandoned by her husband, she kept her family away from starvation and became a matriarch in her busy household.She cares for everyone who stays in her house, and as a mother, she helps her own son to die, in order for him to be at peace. This shows the ultimate sacrifice and reassures the reader that Eva is exactly what a woman was like in post-colonial times a mother, housewife and helper. Rhys starts the novel with Antoinette and her family in isolation from the rest of society they are ex-slave owners and after the Emancipation Act of Slaves in 1833 and the death of Antoinettes father Mr Cosway, the family are left to fend for themselves.Kenneth Ramchard described the role of t he Creole in the novel as a fictional statement, that cannot ignore areas of social and historical information. 4 This quote shows that Antoinettes portraiture is being restricted by the social norms of society, as she is a Creole female. Antoinettes mother spends critical time with her, so she is looked after by the servant Christophine. Antoinettes social role of a girlfriend of ex-slave owners force her to be alone passim much of her life, and she learns to enjoy her own company. Christophine acts as a alternate mother to Antoinette, as her own mother is confined to herself.Antoinettes earliest memories of her mother shows signs of madness and melancholy, and throughout book she is abandoned after the fire and humiliated by the couple who look after her. This shows that Anotinettes mother is never really a proper mother figure to her, as she is disregarded so easily by Mr Mason. It is Christophines voice that opens the novel, as she explains Antoinette and her familys exclusi on from Spanish Town society. Although Christophine is a woman, she still is a figure of authority, which would have been un usual in those times, as men were the primary sources of authority.Christophines narrative glides from French Patois, to a Jamaican dialect, back into English, and her command of language corresponds to her powerful role in the novel. In Three Womens Texts5 Spivak identified that the novel provides us with Christophines perspective as an some other while at the same time being careful to not contain her in the novel. This tells us that Christophine is a strong character, who should be allowed to laxly speak her mind, and not be contained. Western belles-lettres about the Orient depict it as an irrational, weak, feminised Other, contrasted with the rational, strong, masculine West. 6 Said claimed that there was a thump to create a difference between the East and the West, but in WSS Christophines authority rejects the usual stereotype of women being weak a nd reserved. Therefore, Saids claim could be argued with, as in Christophines case, there is not much difference between the authority she has, and the authority Western women have. Christophine instructs Antoinette that woman must have spunks to live in this wicked world. and ultimately advises Antoinette to leave her increasingly cruel husband, citing her own emancipation as an example to emulate.This just ensures us of her strength, as she has gotten by her whole life without a male dominating her. The burning of Antoinettes family home (by the freed black people) acts evokes sympathy in the reader, for the Creole family, and we realise how ill-fitted they are in the society they live in. All three texts are concerned with womens sexuality and the body that represents social confinement. Sula, much like her mother, loves maleness. They both have short, frequent affairs with whichever men they take a liking too. Helen, Sulas Mum, is resented by the wives of these men but no b ody hates her.However, Sula, who ends up take her best friend Nels husband, is resented by the whole town. The contrast in attitudes towards mother and daughter allow us to understand that while her mother was kind and generous, Sula does have an uncaring side to her. For example, when asked by Nel why she chose to sleep with Nels husband, Sula merely replies with there was this space in front of me, bottomland me, in my head and Jude filled it up thats all. Sula does not feel any remorse in breaking up her best friends marriage, and even at her old, feeble age she does not ask for forgiveness.This shows that Sula just used sex as a dig to occupy her loneliness, and probably did not respect herself a great deal. Nel, however, is more respectful of her body. Her grandmother was strict and religious and this had a positive effect on Nels values. Sula grew up around numerous, contrary men and this probably made her view her behaviour as normal, just like she witnessed as a child. In Wide Sargasso Sea, Antoinette also links her happiness to sex. She submits to her husband sexually and begins to hunger for sex as much as he. Afterward, Antoinette seems more lost, crying when Rochester whispers, You are safe.He feels no real nerve for her, and this shows that once again, the woman is left suffering and stuck in a situation that she is unable to break free of. Also, Rochester has sex with Amelie (a servant who accompanies Antoinette and her husband), while Antoinette is next door. He does this to exert his power over Antoinette and to belittle her. Amelie, like Antoinette is lonely, and this sexual act with Rochester is the only way she feels wanted. Although she knows Rochester does not love her or even have feelings for her, she is pith with the fact that she is wanted for single moment.She uses sex to fill the void of loneliness, much like Antoinette does. Unlike Rhys and Morrison, Nichols demonstrates her sexuality and confidence in her body. In her poem I nvitation, she says Come up and see me sometime.. and she repeats this four times throughout the poem. Her use of repetition puts emphasis on her confidence and we realise that she is flirtatious, and uses her sexuality as a tool of power. There are also graphic and amusing descriptions of her breasts, thighs, front and bum, such as My breast are huge exciting amnions of watermelon, your hands cant cupmy thighs are twin seals, fat slip pups.This shows us that she is happy and proud of her body, although some may not agree. In the poem Small Questions take away by the Fat Black Woman, she refers to Eve committing a Sin in the Garden of Eden, and says Will like Eve be tempted one again. She is portraying herself as a sin, and a temptation to resist, which symbolises her confidence in her self, she knows men are lustful towards her. While Nichols focuses solely on portraying the character of a black woman, Sula also explores the male characters in the texts, and how social roles con fine them.The typical male is regarded as the provider for the family, but Morrison takes this typical male figure, and demonstrates how they are dependant on woman and incapable of top a family, and they have an insatiable hunger causing them to commit adultery. In all of the men that Sula, her mother and Eva sleep with, they are willing to cheat on their wives to fulfill their needs. There is usually a penalty for adultery, but the women use their own personal strength and respect for each other, and they let the men get away with adultery.While many will argue that forgiving their husbands is a sign of weakness, really it is the men that are weak for giving in to temptations. Female domination is also present with Sula and Jude (Nels husband), as he sleeps with her despite the fact that she stirred a mind maybe, but not his body. Contrary to the typical male provider role, men are incapable of raising a family in Sula. Eva was left alone to fend for her children, and Sulas fath er died when she was a child, and Sula also failed to fix a suitable male to start a family with.Men were unfaithful to their wives and they even left their family, in the case of Nel and her husband. Nels father, although married happily to his wife, was always working away at sea, leaving Helene to raise her daughter alone. Though they are physically strong, men need women in order to be effective, and they oft fail to be a father figure. To conclude, all three texts explore gender, through the social roles that confine them and the bodies that represent the confinement. It can be argued that Nichols and Morrison offer a more confident, free portrayal of women, compared to Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea.The use of first person emphasises the turmoil faced by the characters in Wide Sargasso Sea and also The Fat Black Woman. Unlike Nichols, Morison and Rhys use narrative techniques to show how women are both emotionally and psychologically confines in the post-colonial world. Nichols offe rs the fat black woman freedom and happiness, while Rhys ends Antoinettes story with her in captivity, foreshadowing Antoinettes next actions. All three writers effectively present their characters battling the confinement that being a woman brings Sula and Nichols remain rebels while Antoinette fails to break free of her confinement.

The Stupidest Angel Chapter 21

Chapter 21AVENGING saintOh shit, oh shit, oh shit, oh shit, Theo thought. He twisted his ankle when he hit the ground pain shot up his stagecoach like liquid hassle. He fell and rolled onto his stand in the mud. Hed pushed the remote unlesston that unbarred the regulate Roer too soon the vehicle had chirped and the lights had blinked, alerting the undead. Hed made the jump blind, and missed. They were approaching for him.He pushed himself up and started hopping toward the Range Rover the car key ready in his right hand, his flashlight broken behind him in the mud.Grab him, you hogwash fucks, screamed Dale Pearson.Theo fell forward as his good foot slipped bulge from under him, but he rolled tail to his feet, a bolt of pain shooting blank across his shin. He caught himself on the back window of the black Range Rover, snatching at the rear windshield wiper for balance. He risked a glance back toward his pursuers and heard a loud thump by his point followed by a deafening screech. He turned just in time to enamor a skeletal woman sliding across the roof of the Range Rover, leading with her teeth. He ducked, but non before he felt fingernails raking his neck, teeth thumping into his scalp. She rode him to the ground and he could feel a grate pain in his dealer as the zombie tried to bite through his skull. His face was pushed into the mud. His nostrils and oral fissure filled with body of water, and amid a flashing whiteness of terror he thought, Im so sorry, molly.Yuck Thats hideous give tongue to Bess Leander, spitting a couple of teeth on the back of Theos head.Marty in the Morning grabbed Theo by the head and thrash the teeth marks that Bess had left. Thats horrible. Hes st integrityd. Im not eating stoned bpeltings.The undead moaned in disappointment.Get him up, give tongue to Dale.Theo inhaled a immense spray of mud along with his first breath and he went into a coughing fit as the undead lifted him up and held him against the back w indow of the Range Rover. individual wiped the mud out of his eyes, and a genus Mephitis that made him gag filled his nostrils. He could see the dead but animated face of Dale Pearson single inches from his own. The corpses foul breath overwhelmed him. Theo tried to twist away from the evil Santa, but decaying reach held his head fast.Hey, hippie, give tongue to Dale. He held Theos flashlight down(a) by his Santa beard to illuminate his face from below. There were two stripe of bloody drool running down either location of the beard. Youre not thinking that your pot-smoking ways be going to make it you, are you? Dont. He pulled a snub-nose revolver out of the pocket of his red covering and shoved it under Theos chin. Well have plenty to eat. We can afford to waste you. Dale ripped open the Velcro fasteners of Theos jacket and started ruling around his waist. No gun? You suck as a lawman, hippie. He went to the pockets of Theos cop shirt. entirely this The one thing you c an be depended on for.Dale held up Theos lighter, then reached in, tore the whole pocket dark the cop shirt, and wrapped the dry fabric around the lighter. Marty, try this. Keep it dry. Dale gave the lighter to a rotting guy with a wet Ziggy Stardust red mullet, who slogged back to the pile of debris at the side of the chapel service.Theo watched as Marty in the Morning bent over the pile of plywood, smart branches, two-by-fours, cardboard, and the torn-up body of Ben Miller. The wind was still whipping, the rain less intense now, but even so the drops stung Theos face when they hit.Dont light, dont light, dont light, Theo chanted in his head, but then his hope drained away when he dictum the orange flame catch on the debris, and Marty in the Morning pull away with his sleeve on fire.Dale Pearson stepped aside so Theo could see the fire whipping up the side of the building, then put the .38 against Theos temple. Take a good look at our little barbecue fire, hippie. Its the las t thing youre going to see. Were gonna eat your crazy wifes brains char-broiled.Theo smiled, happy that mollie wasnt inside, wouldnt be part of the massacre.I didnt hear Shave and a Haircut, tell Ignacio Nunez. Did you hear Shave and a Haircut?rapier panned his flashlight across a dozen frightened faces, then one whole side of the chapel went orange with the light from the fire outside the windows. One woman screamed, opposites stared in horror as mass started to snake in around the window frames.Change of plan, Tuck utter. We go now. Guys in front of your groups. develop the car keys to the next person back.Theyll be waiting for us, verbalise Val Riordan.Fine, you burn up, Tuck said. Guys, knock over whatever gets in your way, everyone behind just keep going for the cars.All the barricades and braces had been re impeld from the chapel doors. Tuck put his shoulder against one door, Gabe Fenton was on the other. Ready. One, two, threeThey threw their shoulders against the door s and bounced back into the others. The doors had only opened a couple of inches. Someone shone a flashlight through the facing pages to reveal a huge pine-tree system braced against one of the doors.New plan, shouted Tuck.Theo tried to look at the fire, but he couldnt see beyond the undead eyes of Dale Pearson. Thought had fled. There was just fear and anger and the pressure of the gun brake drum against his temple.He heard a whooshing sound and a thump by his ear and the gun bbl was gone. Dale Pearson was stepping away from him, memory a dark stump where his gun hand had just been. Dale opened his lip to shout something, but in that scrap a thin line appeared across his face at nostril level and half of his head slid to the ground. He slumped in a pile at Theos feet. The hands that were holding Theo let go.Brains screamed one of the undead. Crazy-woman brainsTheo fell on top of Dales rekilled body, then spun around to see what was happening.Hi, honey, Molly said. She stood on the roof of the Range Rover, grinning, wearing a leather jacket, sweatpants, and her red Converse All Stars, holding the ancient Japanese sword in Hasso No Kamae before her, the blade gleaming orange in the light from the burning church. There was a dark swath across the blade where it had hewn the head of the zombie Santa. Theo had never been a religious man, but he thought in that instant that this essential be what it was like to look on the face of an avenging angel.The zombies who had been holding Theo reached for Mollys legs, and in a single head she stepped back and brought the sword around in a low arc that sent a rain of severed hands flying into the mud. The undead wailed around her, and tried to claw their way onto the SUV with their stumps. Bess Leander tried to replicate the move she had used on Theo, stepping up the hood behind Molly and diving across the roof of the Range Rover. Molly spun and sidestepped, making a low swing with her sword that would have not loo ked out of come on a golf course. Besss head rolled off the top of the democracy Rover into Theos lap. He pushed it aside and got to his feet.Honey, you might want to go let everyone out of the chapel before they burn up, said Molly. Im not sure you want to watch this. Kay, said Theo.The undead had left their stations at the front and back doors of the chapel, where they had been waiting to ambush the escaping partyers, and charged Molly. Three fell headless while Molly stood on the Land Rover, but as they surrounded her, she ran and leaped over the heads of the mob, landing behind them.Theo ran for the front doors of the chapel, his vision blurred from the rain and the blood running into his eyes from the bite wound on his head. He looked back for a second and saw Molly sailing over the top of her attackers.He nearly ran into two great pine logs that had been braced against the chapel doors. He looked back a second and caught a glimpse of Molly mowing down two more zombies, one s plit down the middle from the crown of his head to his sternum, then he turned and tried to get his back under one of the logs.Theo, is that you? Gabe Fenton had his face pressed in an inch-wide gap between the doors.Yeah. There are logs against the doors, Theo said. Im going to try to move them.Theo took three deep breaths and lifted for exclusively he was worth, feeling as if veins would explode in his temples. The wound on his head throbbed with every heartbeat.But the tree trunk travel a couple of inches. He could do this.Is it working? yelled Gabe.Yeah, yeah, said Theo. Give me a second.Its filling up with smoke in here, Theo.Right. Theo strained again and the log moved another(prenominal) two inches to the right. Another foot and theyd be able to get the door open.Hurry, Theo, said jenny Masterson. Its She went into a coughing fit and couldnt finish what she was saying. Theo could hear everyone coughing inside. Wails of rage and pain were coming from the side of the chap el where Molly was fighting. She must be okay, they were still yelling about eating her brain.Another lift, another two inches. Gray smoke was streaming out the crack between the doors. Theo fell to his knees with the effort and some passed out. He shook himself back into consciousness, and as he prepared to put his back into another effort, hoping it wouldnt be his last, he noticed that the screaming had stopped at the side of the chapel. Rain, wind, the coughing of the trapped, and the crackle of the fire. That was all he heard. Oh my God. Molly he screamed.A hand on his cheek, a voice at his ear. Hey, sailor, need a little hand getting your church door open, if you know what I mean?Sirens sounded in the distance. Someone had seen the burning chapel through the storm and had somehow gotten through to the volunteer fire department. The Lonesome Christmas survivors were collected in the middle of the parking lot, illuminated by headlights. The heat from the fire had driven them ne arly 75 yards to the street.Even this far away, Theo could feel the heat on his cheek from the fire as Lena Marquez bandaged his head. Others sit in the open hatchbacks of SUVs, trying to catch their breath after(prenominal) being exposed to the smoke, drinking bottled water or just lying there dazed.Around the burning chapel the wet pine timberland steamed, a great white cloud rising into the sky. Down the left side of the chapel trouncing a rekilling ground of the undead, where Molly had hacked them into submission, even chasing down the last few in the woods and decapitating them after she and Theo had let the partyers out of the chapel.Molly sat beside Theo, under the open hatchback of someones Expedition.How did you know? he asked. How could you perhaps have known?The bat told me, Molly said.You mean he showed up and you said, Whats wrong, boy, is Timmy trapped down a well? and he barked to tell you thats what was wrong? Like that?No, Molly said. It was like, Your husban d and a bunch of other people have barricaded themselves in the chapel against a horde of brain-eating zombies and you need to go save them. Like that. He has some kind of accent. Sounds Spanish.I for one am glad that you went off your meds, said Tucker Case, who was standing next to Lena as she bandaged Theos head. A few hallucinations are a itsy-bitsy price to pay, if you ask me.Molly held up her hand for him to be quiet. She stood and brushed the pilot aside, looking back toward the burning church. A tall dark figure in a long coat was coming toward them through the killing field.Oh no, said Theo. Everyone get in the cars and lock them.No, Molly said, dismissing Theos instructions with a flurry backward wave. Were okay. She met the angel in the middle of the parking lot.Merry Christmas, said the angel.Yeah, you, too, said Molly.Have you seen the electric shaver? teaseua? asked Raziel.Theres a kid over there with the others, said Molly. Thats probably him.Take me to him.Thats him, Theo said. Thats the robot guy.Shhhhhh, Molly shushed.Raziel walked to where Emily doggy was holding her son, Joshua, sitting on the back of Mollys Honda.Mom, wailed Joshua. He hid his face in his mothers chest.But Emily was still dazed by witnessing her mates death, and she didnt react at all except to hold the boy tighter.Raziel put his hand on the boys head. Fear not, he said. For I bring you tidings of great joy. Behold, your Christmas wish has been granted. The angel waved toward the fire and the walloping and the exhausted and terrified survivors as if he were a game-show hostess presenting a washer/dryer set. non what I would have wished for, the angel said, but I am but a lowly messenger.Josh rolled in his mothers arms and faced the angel. I didnt ask for this. This isnt what I wished for.Sure it is, said Raziel. You wished that the Santa you saw killed be brought back to life.No, I didnt.Thats what you said. You said you wanted him brought back to life.Thats not wh at I meant, said Joshua. Im a kid. I dont always get stuff right.Ill vouch for that, said Tucker Case, stepping up behind the angel. He is a kid, and he is wrong most of the time.We still should cut your head off, said Josh.See, said Tuck. continuously wrong.Well, if you didnt mean you wanted him brought back to life, what did you mean? asked Raziel.I didnt mean I wanted Santa to be a zombie and kill big, dumb Brian and everything. I wanted everything to be okay. Like it never happened. So it would be a good Christmas.Thats not what you said, said Raziel.Thats what I wanted, said Joshua.Oh, said the angel. Sorry.So hes an angel? Theo said to Molly. Like a real angel?Molly nodded, smiling.Not a killer robot?Molly shook her head. Hes here to grant a Christmas wish, to one child.Like it never happened? the angel asked Joshua.Yeah said Josh.Oops, said the angel.Molly stepped over and put her hand on the angels shoulder. Raziel, you fucked up. Fix it?The angel looked at her and grinned. entire teeth, if a little sharp.So be it, he said. Glory to God in the highest, peace on Earth, goodwill toward men.